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Field Subsoiling - Enhancing Soil Structure



Subsoiling is a procedure that improves soil structure and growing conditions. It is performed to loosen the subsoil layer, known as the plow sole, which is compacted by tractors and other heavy agricultural machinery. This is particularly important on heavy and medium soils, where years of plowing make this layer compact and susceptible to water ponding, especially on driving paths. The subsoilers in Rolmako's offer significantly facilitate and enhance this beneficial treatment for the earth.



Field subsoiling to improve soil structure, eliminate plough pan and enhance crop growth conditions




Advantages of Subsoiling



Subsoiling enhances air and water conditions in the soil. It acts as a drainage mechanism, preventing water stagnation. Consequently, the soil absorbs water more effectively, positively impacting percolation and promoting better drainage of the topsoil. Subsoiling is an agro-amelioration procedure gaining popularity in agriculture due to its promotion of ecological crop management. This process involves deep loosening of the soil without inversion, maintaining the stratified structure of the soil profile. The primary purpose of subsoiling is to alleviate excessively compacted layers, particularly the plow sole, whose compaction adversely affects soil structure. This treatment facilitates the reconstruction of the porous soil structure.


Benefits of subsoiling – improved air-water balance and enhanced water retention in the arable layer




The use of a subsoilers



The use of a subsoiler positively impacts soil water retention and percolation. Loose soil enhances plant root development, leading to improved growth and crop yield. Additionally, subsoiling facilitates topsoil drainage, essential for maintaining optimal soil conditions. Modern subsoiler designs have been adapted to the increasingly popular no-plough cultivation, replacing traditional plowing. Future developments consider adaptation to strip cultivation. The availability of various subsoiler designs, including different tines models, enables effective adaptation to diverse soil conditions and crop types.


Application of subsoilers – deep loosening of soil without inversion and higher cultivation efficiency




Construction of Subsoilers - Machines for Special Tasks



The subsoiler, a fundamental tool in agromelioration, is characterized by a robust structure based on a durable frame that is resistant to stress, mechanical damage, and adverse weather conditions. Differences between subsoilers offered by manufacturers are primarily due to the type of the working tines and their arrangement on the frame. Several types can be distinguished. The shape of the tine significantly impacts the soil loosening process. The straight tine is slightly moved forward to penetrate effectively, minimizing soil mixing. Consequently, the forward-curved tine is more exposed, intensifying soil loosening. However, a deflected tine generates greater resistance but increases the loosening area. Protection of the subsoiler tines against overload due to stones involves the introduction of spring or hydraulic protection.


Subsoiler frame design with robust construction and various tine types for efficient soil loosening




Technology for agriculture



Modern subsoilers feature various accompanying tools, such as string, ring, toothed, or disc rollers used to till the soil. Subsoilers also function as chisel plows, particularly in models with a working depth of up to 45 cm. Deep, no-plough soil loosening using subsoilers is also utilized in strip cultivation, where the correlation of tine spacing with plant rows is crucial.


Modern agricultural technology – subsoilers with rollers for final soil refinement and seeding preparation




Next, we will examine the operative components of the so-called tines proposed by Rolmako.


ATLAS Tine



The U638 and U632 subsoiler tines are distinguished by their highest wear resistance, achieved through the use of superior materials. The standard equipment of the Atlas tine comprises a chisel, a skid, and a beam cover, while the side wing shares is optional. All Atlas tines components exposed to wear are finished with cemented carbide elements, and the wear parts are welded. These features extend service life and reduce maintenance time. Advantages of the Atlas working element with sintered carbide in standard equipment include:
- Enhanced operational efficiency
- Reduced time loss due to part replacements
- Fewer mounting screws required
- Decreased additional machine trips
- 5 to 10 times longer service life.



Atlas tine – working element of U638/U632 subsoilers with carbide for longer life and improved operation




Deflected Michel Type Tine



Rolmako provides an extensive range of subsoiling machines with various working element variants. The subsoilers, identified as U608 (MICHEL small version), U614, and U619, are equipped with MICHEL tines. The new series of subsoilers features optimized geometry of the working element, effectively loosening the ground and positively impacting soil structure. The subsoiler's deflected tine design allows for smooth, gradual soil penetration. With minimal resistance, it efficiently loosens the soil, ensuring proper water and air access for crops. The deflected tine better penetrates the soil and breaks down deep hard layers, improving moisture retention. The cut soil is lifted slightly before returning to place, resulting in better loosening compared to classic straight tines. The tine shape ensures uniform cutting across the entire working width. The double-sided chisel extends the service life of the working element. The tines, made from high-quality boron steel with a hardness of 50 HRC, are designed to optimize soil loosening while requiring low power. The variety of combinations of Rolmako subsoilers with Michel tines makes them the most comprehensive offering on the market.


Michel curved tine – modern subsoiler solution reducing drag and improving soil structure




RIPPER Tine



The chisel plow tine features a specialized design for smooth, gradual soil penetration. With minimal resistance, it effectively loosens the soil, ensuring adequate water and air access for crops. The double-sided chisel extends the service life of the working element. Side wing shares widen the groove, enhancing water seepage. Additionally, the central "shark fin"-shaped cutter facilitates easier soil penetration in the upper layer and reduces root resistance while offering protection. Optional cemented carbide elements provide up to three times longer service life, particularly on abrasive surfaces like sandy soil. The tine is utilized in the Rolmako U624 chisel plow; in the DeepRipper version, the longer tine enables work at depths up to 65 cm.


RIPPER tine – innovative chisel plough component improving water capillarity and soil penetration




U602 Subsoiler Tine



The standard 100 mm chisel tine can be replaced with a newer 300 mm wide model. The tine features two replaceable covers and is made of hardened boron steel. The chisel and side cutters form a single working element, and the tine includes handles for installing drainage balls. The tines angle of attack ensures easy and efficient ground penetration. Hardened bushings in the tine holders and tine protect against hole damage. An M20 screw safeguards the working element against overload. In the hydraulic protection version, smooth operation is ensured by a gas accumulator. The symmetrical tines of the U602 subsoiler, unlike V-shaped machines, allow for improved soil loosening by positioning the working elements on one beam. Soil is simultaneously moved across the entire crop width, preserving the top layer and plant remains on the surface, which guards against erosion and adverse weather conditions.


U602 subsoiler tine – standard equipment for intensive soil loosening and erosion control




STORM Tine



A distinctive tine structure featuring a tine with an integrated knife for cutting vertical slots and a wide skid for deep loosening across the full working width of the subsoiler, requiring 30% less power compared to conventional subsoilers.


STORM tine – efficient subsoiler component for deep soil loosening with lower power requirement




The best on the market – reliable subsoilers from Rolmako



Rolmako's portfolio comprises diverse subsoilers types for specific applications.


Rolmako U608 Subsoiler


The Rolmako U608 subsoiler is a versatile agricultural instrument engineered for efficient soil loosening. Compatible with tractors ranging from 160 to 310 HP, it offers working widths in two variants: 3 m and 4 m, with a selection of 6 or 8 working elements, respectively. The maximum working depth is 35 cm, with a recommended depth of approximately 10 cm below the target soil layer. The subsoiler can be equipped with either screw or hydraulic overload protection. Beyond its loosening capabilities, the U608 subsoiler features a robust frame structure, reinforcements, and an oversized three-point suspension system, ensuring durability under heavy loads. Optimization of the loosening process is achievable with a Michel tine, which enhances soil circulation and oxygenation while reducing resistance. This innovative design enhances subsoiling efficiency, thereby increasing yields. In its basic configuration, the U608 subsoiler is equipped with a coupling for an accompanying machine, which allows it to be connected, for example, to a disc or rotary harrow.


Rolmako U608 subsoiler – durable agricultural machine for effective soil loosening and improved soil structure




Rolmako U632 Subsoiler



The U632 multifunctional subsoiler from Rolmako operates from early autumn through the harvest period. Featuring double spring protection, it prevents overload and potential damage. The U632 version includes a coupling for an accompanying machine, enhancing its functionality. Its open frame design allows for easy attachment of additional active machines such as rotary harrows. The U632 subsoiler is an optimal solution for farmers seeking efficient soil structure management, weed reduction, and optimal yields. Its meticulous design and advanced features make it indispensable in modern agriculture.


Rolmako U632 subsoiler – modern machine with double spring protection for optimal cultivation conditions




Rolmako U614 Subsoiler



The U614 subsoiler features a V-shaped frame for effective soil penetration with reduced power requirements. The design enables tines closer to the tractor to initially loosen soil, allowing subsequent tines to work efficiently with less effort. The V-shaped frame ensures stability and even dispersion of mechanical stress. Two overload protection, screw and hydraulic NON-STOP, are tailored to the V-shaped frame for optimal crop condition adjustment. The working depth is precisely adapted to soil conditions using front double support wheels. Rolmako's offer is noteworthy, as the subsoiler's innovative and durable design makes it a reliable tool for modern agriculture.


Rolmako U614 subsoiler with V-frame – robust machine for deep soil loosening




Rolmako U602 Subsoiler



The Rolmako U602 subsoiler is an agricultural implement engineered for intensive and effective soil cultivation. It features a durable construction that ensures long-lasting performance, even under the challenging conditions prevalent in agriculture. Through deep loosening, the U602 subsoiler enhances soil structure, which is vital for healthy plant development and increased yields. Its specifically designed tines efficiently cut through the soil, facilitating better water and nutrient penetration and enabling roots to delve deeper into the soil. Appreciated for its versatility, the Rolmako U602 subsoiler is suitable for various soil types, from light to heavy. Its use also reduces erosion, supporting sustainable agriculture. This is the most common Rolmako subsoiler model in Poland.


U602 subsoiler – reinforced farm tool for reducing soil compaction




Rolmako U638 Subsoiler



The Rolmako U638 subsoiler is an advanced agricultural tool designed for deep soil cultivation, essential for improving soil structure and health. Its strong and durable construction ensures reliability and long-term use, even in challenging agricultural conditions. The U638 subsoiler effectively breaks the plow sole and loosens the soil, facilitating better water infiltration and promoting the development of plant root systems. Its deep action also aids in the incorporation of plant residues, important for maintaining a healthy cycle of organic matter in the soil. The U638 is valued for its versatility, as it is suitable for various soil types and can be used in a wide range of growing conditions. Its use enhances agricultural productivity while reducing the risk of erosion and soil degradation. Additionally, the Rolmako U638 subsoiler promotes the efficient use of fertilizers and water, crucial for sustainable agriculture. The U638 is designed to minimize fuel consumption, advantageous from both economic and ecological perspectives. The array of models and configuration options make it appealing to a diverse range of farms, from small to large, adapting to individual user needs. Equipped with a 400 mm wide stubble cutter, the subsoiler is also suitable for post-harvest work. Its design allows easy conversion from cultivator to deep loosening, making it highly versatile.


U638 subsoiler – advanced solution for modern agriculture, improving water retention and soil structure




U624 Chisel Plow



The Rolmako U624 chisel plow is a modern tillage tool designed for deep soil cultivation, essential for enhancing its structure and retention capacity. Its robust construction ensures durability and reliability even in the most challenging agricultural conditions, making it an ideal choice for farms aiming to intensify crops. Equipped with strong chisels, this plow effectively cuts through the soil without turning, promoting aeration and accelerating the mineralization processes of organic matter. The U624 is particularly valued for its effectiveness in breaking the plow sole, which is crucial in preventing soil compaction. Additionally, this plow contributes to better integration of plant residues with the soil, which is vital for maintaining a healthy, balanced soil ecosystem. Its use not only facilitates land preparation for sowing but also helps maintain its fertility and structure for many years. The machine performs exceptionally well in no-plough cultivation systems.


Chisel plough U624 – efficient tool for deep soil tillage, preventing compaction and improving aeration




U619 Subsoiler



A specialized frame with a dual-beam structure enables enhanced intensity for breaking up excessively compacted lower soil layers. The front section's working elements initially loosen the soil for the tines in the rear section, reducing the required force for subsequent tasks. Additionally, the tines in the second row are bent oppositely to those in the first row, resulting in dual loosening with a widened groove for water permeation and drainage. The Rolmako U619 subsoiler is compatible with tractors ranging from 240 to 400 HP. It is available in working widths of 3 and 4 meters, featuring 12 and 16 working elements, respectively. The maximum working depth is nearly 45 cm, with a recommended working depth of about 10 cm below the targeted soil layer. The minimum required power per tine is up to 30 HP, depending on working depth and soil conditions. A two-beam subsoiler equipped with Michel tines requires less power by aligning tines sequentially, thus reducing the force needed for rear tines. The dual-beam subsoiler offers excellent stability and effective stress dispersion. The U619 subsoiler is designed to meet all user requirements, with adjustable tine spacing to accommodate any agricultural tractor.


U619 subsoiler – innovative two-row design for effective breakup of compacted soil




STORM Subsoiler



The Rolmako subsoiler, model STORM, is a highly effective tillage tool that provides farmers with excellent results in soil cultivation. Its unique structure is designed for deep soil loosening, crucial for improving soil structure and increasing crop yields. The STORM subsoiler is distinguished by its solid workmanship, guaranteeing long-lasting performance even in the most challenging conditions. A defining feature of this model is its ability to break the plow sole, enhancing soil aeration and more effective water management on the farm. Its tines, designed for maximum penetration, reach deeper soil layers necessary for the healthy development of plant root systems. Additionally, STORM excels in integrating organic matter and plant residues into the soil, contributing to increased fertility. One of the greatest advantages of the STORM subsoiler is its versatility, performing well on both light and heavier soils, making it an ideal solution for various types of farms. The ease of use and maintenance is another advantage appreciated by farmers globally. Combined with its energy efficiency, the STORM subsoiler is a valuable tool in the pursuit of sustainable and productive agriculture.


STORM subsoiler – strong build for deep soil loosening and enhanced soil structure




Summary - Subsoilers from Rolmako



In summary, the article on the various Rolmako subsoiler models highlights the diverse solutions this esteemed manufacturer offers to suit different needs and agricultural conditions. The featured subsoilers, distinguished by their range of designs and functions, underscore Rolmako's dedication to providing innovative tools for effective and sustainable cultivation. From models tailored for light soils to those engineered for heavier soils, as well as advanced variants with additional options, each Rolmako subsoiler is designed to optimize work and enhance soil structure. This overview demonstrates how technology and innovation contribute to agricultural development, emphasizing Rolmako's commitment to addressing the specific needs of farmers across diverse growing environments.


Modern Rolmako subsoilers – overview of agricultural machinery for efficient no-plough cultivation and enhanced soil quality







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